Term Paper on "Luigi Persico's "Discovery of America" Was Placed"

Term Paper 11 pages (3379 words) Sources: 1+

[EXCERPT] . . . .

Luigi Persico's "Discovery of America" was placed at large stairway of the east facade of the Capitol and after considerable protests from the masses it was removed permanently in 1958 (Jaffe, 2008). The first look at the statue without going in to historical perspective depicts a hostile scenario between the studious man holding a spherical object high above the bowed and perplexed women, inappropriately dressed and tribal. Historically it represents the American hero that everyone in America agrees upon; someone who is accepted across various regions and ethnicities. Christopher Columbus was the earliest "founding father" for American Nation, being remembered due to his goodness, solemnity and inventiveness besides librating Native Americans from their barbarian ways (Brown, 2007) the removal of statue represents a gradual change of attitude in American culture which once saw Native American's as a tribal nation disliked by most Caucasians. It was earlier in the 20th century that the figure was recognized as not only condescending and insensitive towards Native Americans but also had an incorrect portrayal of Columbus as compared with traditional portrait. It was the triumph of human rights and equality in society over a history of war and hate.

Question No. 2

2b. 19 federally recognized Native American tribes in Southern California:

Barona

Cahuilla iii. Campo iv. Chemehuevi

v. Ewiiaapaayp

vi. Inaja vii. Jamul viii. La Jolla

ix. La Posta

x. Los Coyotes

xi. Manzanita xii. Mesa Grande xiii. Pala xiv. Pauma xv. Rincon
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xvi. San Pasqual xvii. Santa Ysabel xviii. Sycuan Viejas

Profile of Cahuilla Tribe:

The Cahuilla tribe used to live in comparatively smaller groups then other tribes and had a language belonging to Uto-Aztecan family (Bean, 1972). They used native plants excessively in their lifestyle for eating and building purposes. Modern anthropologists divide the Cahuilla tribe into "Mountain," "Desert," and "Pass" groups. Today different families from Cahuilla tribal bands play their role in local economy and local politics; owning and operating various businesses including hotels, casinos, real estate and banks. Some Cahuilla bands have gone extinct and are called Las Palmas Bands (Bean, 1978). Majority of the members belonging to this tribe have modernized themselves with intermarriages with other races while others remain conservative preferring wedlock amongst Native American Tribes only (Bean, 1991).

Question No.3

3a. "We Shall Remain: America Through Native Eyes."

After the Mayflower:

The episode is about a treaty signed between the then sachem of the Wampanoag with weary English colonists. Massasoit had troubles of his own in shape of strange sicknesses and other rival tribes. The Wampanoag thought that with the help of foreigners he would be able to keep his own enemies at bay but his calculations proved wrong as half a century later the son of Wampanoag fought with the same Englishmen.

Tecumseh's Vision:

This episode is about the rise of Tecumseh as one of the most inspired Native American leaders organizing a massive Indian resistance against the foreigners.

Trail of Tears: Based on the massive forced removal of Cherokee tribe from their lands in Southeastern region of United States to eastern Oklahoma. This journey resulted in death of 4,000 members due to sickness and starvation. Cherokee's resisted for years by any means necessary they even adopted western ways and became Christians. They even took their case to the supreme court and won although later the law could not protect them from greed of foreigners.

Geronimo:

Watched Episode: This episode is about the last resistance by Chiricahua Apache who kept fighting even when submission by native Americans was the only option for their survival. On his death bed he confessed to his nephew that he should never have given up and would have died fighting. He was a great warrior and healer but after being subjected to forceful removal he became fierce enemy of whites whose vengeance also bought needless misery upon his tribesmen. In the end he led the last resisting group to formally submit to American Government. His personality exhibited the essential elements of bravery and courage with believe in his cause. The sovereign cause for reclaiming his fore father's land.

Wounded Knee:

The final episode examines how political and economic forces led to creation of American Indian Movement (AIM) in 1960 and how in justice and a murder led to the takeover of few buildings by enraged Native Americans in 1973. This take over remained for 71 days and demanded addressing grievances some as old as 100 years. The armed to the teeth troops tightened the cordon around weak and cold Indians while media compared the event to the massacre at Wounded Knee that took place about a century ago. The takeover ended but the U.S. government failed to fulfill many promises made with the Indians. This event proved that Indians are still a part of American culture and brought attention to their social problems.

Question No. 4

4a. Comments on the Alternative to American Declaration of independence:

The Finnish Government also adopted their inspired declaration of independence after the civil war the document was made a part of constitution giving their Parliament the right to rule. The basic highlights were; safeguarding of independence, Finland's fate as a nation and each individual citizen in his own hands, complete sovereignty and proposition for a new Constitution. It also called for recognizing Finland as an independent and republic state by other states of the world.

My declaration of Independence:

The text calls for a Government that not only guarantees freedom to its people but the Government shall also secure its citizens from the evils of private corporations working only for profits and destroying the economy. It essentially calls for acts of Government to be deemed illegal when interfering in National Matters of other sovereign states. It establishes the principle of "Live and Let Live" with a view that all men hailing from America or from any other continent are made equal. It demands to shift emphasis from capital system of economics and society as it has harmed our society rather there should be an equal distribution of wealth regulated by the government of United States of America.

4b. The most valuable amendment in the U.S. constitution is the 13th amendment where slavery and involuntary servitude was abolished while keep punishing those equally who commit crime. This amendment paved the way for the pluralism and established rights for minorities who now enjoy their lives equally as majority.

Amendment to Constitution against 2nd Amendment: To protect the way of life and increasing violence in the society it is deemed necessary that production of arms be prohibited in all 52 states of America. Manufacturing arms shall only be allowed for military and similar establishments of law enforcement and individual's right to bear arms is deemed unnecessary and uncivil. Such arms include all categories of guns and weapons that can be used against other human beings. The American society shall be de-Weaponised and arms shall be submitted to law enforcement agencies by a date later announced by the government.

Question No. 5

Sand Creek Massacre (1864) and My Lai Massacre (Vietnam War) Compare and Contrast:

Known also as Chivington Massacre, the location of Sand Creek Massacre was Kiowa County reported in 1864. A regiment of 700 men decedent over 500 Cheyennes and few Arapahos and mutilated about 2oo of the Indians including women and children. The Massacre was result of anger and frustration by white settlers due to scattered Indian attacks on the army. The Cheyennes and Arapahos believed that they were protected by a vague amnesty offered to them by a territorial officer.

On March 16th, 1968 the frustrated Charlie Company and men during the Vietnam invasion entered a village there known as My Lai. After a while the killings started leaving 300 unarmed civilians dead including elderly, women and children. The anger was a result of rising death tool of American soldiers in the area where Vietnamese soldiers were provided refuge. The troops, under the command of Lt. William Calley entered in the village firing while no opposition fire was reported. According to survivors the firing was relentless with no mercy or measurement. Most villagers were gathered and shot by a machine gun in a ditch

Both Massacres have one thing in common; it shows us the ugliest portrayal of war and anger that soldiers carry due to frustration of human loss and growing hate for natives which are thought of as enemies. While both are un-humanistic and act of cowards; the Sand Creek Massacre

differs on the ground that Indians thought themselves as protected and were more shocked and surprised being handicapped by both numbers and arms. While My Lai was an ongoing vicious war with American's losing more soldiers then anticipated.

Question 6:

Following is the list of American interventions that took place since 1890 in Asia, North America and Caribbean region (Grossman, 1999):

COUNTRY or STATE

Dates of intervention

SOUTH DAKOTA

ARGENTINA

CHILE

HAITI

IDAHO

HAWAII

CHICAGO

NICARAGUA

CHINA

1894-95

KOREA

1894-96

PANAMA

NICARAGUA

CHINA

1898-1900

PHILIPPINES

1898-1910 (-?)

Afghanistan

1998

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Quoted Instructions for "Luigi Persico's "Discovery of America" Was Placed" Assignment:

There are 10 items to research and report upon in one manner or another. The report for each item should be one paragraph (and never longer than 1 page double-spaced). Please provide a citation to the key source or sources you used to answer each item. Note: All writing for this research project should be in your own words. You should note copy directly from any source material even if that material is cited as a source. There should be no sharing of research and responses to the items among students. *****

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